Improvement in making- bungs



To all whom 'it may concern.-

* taie-d sata aient @wie WIL'LiAM LONG, OF wEsr'rROY, AND JAMES GARAND, OF TROY,

New YORK.

Letters Patent N 93,457, dated August 10, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN MAKING- SUNG-S.

Be it known that we,WILL1AM` LONG, of West Troy, county of g Albany, and JAMES GAnAND,'of Troy, Rensselaer. county, State` of Newv York, have linvented certain new and useful Improvements inthe Mode of Constructing Bungs for Barrels and similar wooden vessels; and we do 'hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,

ymaking a part of thisspecication, .in which- Figure 1 represents a perspectiveview vof the stopper of said bung.

Figure 2 represents a perspective View of the bushmg.

' Figure 3 is a cross-section of the bung through the bilge of the vessel.

'Figure 4 is a vertical view of the same through red line in fig. 3.

Many devices, other than the common wooden bung, have been used to close and stop, perfectly, barrels aud other similar wooden vessels. Among them arethose. classes of metal bungs which have their bushings secured to and inthe stave of the vessel, by means oi' bolts or rivets, or by clinehing on the under side, or by screwing them into the holes of the staves; but all thesel have someA ldefect or disadvantage attending them. Those secured 'by bolts or rivets can only be attached securely'with great difficulty and care; while those secured by clinching are` not only toa degree weak, but `cannot be reinserted or used asecond: time, and those secured by screwingintoither'stave of the vessel cannot have their flangesl madeto bear on all portions of the vessel, on account of the form of the vessel at its bilge.' g v In' our invention we present a bung which has none of these objections, while it has all the advantages to be found inthe others.

rIhe nature of our invention consists inthe useof a metal bushing, which is tobeinserted and secured in a hole inthe stave, and stoppedwith a metal stopper. The said bushing consists of a thin metal shell, having its outside plain and slightly tapered, to fit the taper of the hole; it is'also provided with a flange, having the line of the lower edge so shaped as will conform, to the shape of the vessel at the bilge around the hl, and it is also provided with several projec-` Thlpshchedule referred to in these Letters Patent and niaking part o! the same The said stopper consists of a metal piece, with a short screw terminating at a ilange, which, when the stopper is secured into the bushing, sets upon the packing on the recess-seat of the bush, and efi'ectually closes the same. I `The whole device is not only comparatively inexpensive, but stron'g'and reliable as well as durable, and can be quickly applied to eectually close water-tight any wooden vessel this bung may be adapted'to.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, We will proceed to describe it, in reference to the accompanying drawings, and theletters of reference marked thereon, the sam'e letters indicating similar parts.

tion of a stave of a barrel at its bilge.

B, gs.`2, 3, and 4, is the bushing, having a slight' taper outside, made plain, as shown in g.r2, and provided'with several ukes,c c. The said ilukes commence a little way up from the lower edge of the bushing, (and'permit the entrance of they bush in the hole,) and run up within a short vdistance from the lower side of the iiange, and while the dukes are narrow and project but little at their lower ends, form the sides of the bush, while their upper ends are broader and project further. l A triangular form given to 'the said iiuke's, as shown in iig. 4, is found to be better than most any other.

` in the stave,which the said dukes do by upsetting the fibre of the wood as they are vdriven down, as shown by red dotted lines in iig'. 3, and' after being so driven, the elasticity ofthe ibres of the wood which has been upset and compressedpvill close overv the -upper ends of the said iiukes, and effectually prevent the said bushing from being moved or loosened up from its place.

The bush B is also provided'with a flange, f, iigs. 2 and 3, which ange has not a plain horizontal surface on its lower side, but has its under surface made curving, to suit the curvature of the bilge of the vessel in both directions, which peculiar 4form"of the under surface of the said iiange enables it to find a firm bed on every pa'rt ofthe stave immediately underit.

`suitable material. y

A screw-thread, s, having several turns, is cut inside the bush, as shown in gs. 2 and 13, commencing at Y the recess g, and runningdown T about one-fourth NYY of an inch, more or less, which screw-thread is to receive the screw of the stopper C.

The sto per C is made of metal, and consists ofthe seat-flange t and the screw n, which screw, when the stopper is to be used, is inserted and screwed into the screw-threadss of the bush, when the seat-flange 'm will be drawn down upon the packing O, fig. 3, placed in the recess g, and render the connection perfectly water-tight. Any suitable recess, c, may be made in the upper surface of the said stopper, to receive any suitable instrument with which the said stopper C could be screwed in or out of the bush B.

Having described our invention, it is'to be understood that we do not claim, as parts of our invention, the recess g, nor the screw-thread s, formed inside the bush, and immediately below the said recess; neither do we claim the flange f, when constructed with a plain .horizontal under surface, as all these have been used; neither do we claim as new the stopper C, constructed as described; but it is to be understood that one part of our invention consists in the employment of the dukes c, placed on the outside of the plain surface of the taper bush B, to upset and compress the fibre of the wood, (when the said bush B is driven into its hole,) which, after being driven down, will impinge with their upper lips against the said wood, when its fibre will have resumed somewhat its normal condition; and it is also to be understood that another part of our invention consists of giving to the lower surface of the Hange j, such a line of form as will conform to the bilge of the vessel in both directions.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

'lhe cast-metal bush B, for bungs, having the ange f, recess g, screw-thread s, and projections e, when all the parts are constructed as described, for the purpose specified.

WM. LONG. l JAMES GARAND. Witnesses:

ALEX. SELKIRK, THOMAS MCGRATH. 

